| Abstract |
In recent years, the increasing demand for highly sensitive tracking of life processes has promoted scientists to explore advanced analytical techniques. Developing universal analytical methods to detect individual differences and temporal changes among cells is crucial for fundamental study and clinical applications. Among existing technologies, the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) approach has attracted attention for various purposes, such as detecting biomolecules, monitoring cellular activities, imaging subcellular structures, and evaluating cell viability. ECL analysis and imaging provide high sensitivity, low background noise, and spatiotemporal resolution for single-cell analysis. In this review, we explore the evolution of ECL technology in cell analysis and emphasize single-cell assays, including detecting released cellular molecules and surface biomarkers, analysing intracellular components, imaging cell membranes, and cell adhesion. We first briefly introduce the mechanism and apparatus for ECL-based single-cell analysis and, subsequently, focus on four aspects of research related to single-cell analysis and imaging. Furthermore, the latest advances in ECL-driven photodynamic therapy and super-resolution ECL microscopy are also discussed. Finally, we discuss the current obstacles and prospects for ECL single-cell analysis. |
